البعد التاريخي للتخطيط الإستراتيجي في التعامل مع الأزمات الكبرى

Abstract

This research aims to examine strategic planning as an essential and effective tool in crisis management. Crises are no longer exceptional events, but rather recurring phenomena that affect political, economic, social, and health dimensions of modern life. In this context, strategic planning becomes a vital necessity, as it provides a comprehensive framework for risk analysis, future anticipation, and the design of flexible response strategies.

The study is guided by a central question: how can strategic planning transform crises from threats into opportunities? From this main question, several sub-questions arise, such as clarifying the theoretical link between strategic planning and crisis management, and identifying the factors that determine its effectiveness.

The research adopts a historical-analytical

comparative approach, by reviewing both Islamic historical models—such as the Battle of the Trench, the Year of Ashes, and the Ridda Wars—and contemporary examples such as global pandemics and economic recessions. These cases demonstrate how strategic planning often enabled societies to survive or recover, while its absence frequently resulted in failure or collapse.

The objectives of the study include analysing the concept and stages of strategic planning, classifying crises into their main categories, identifying the success factors such as leadership, information, resources, and time, and extracting practical lessons from past and present experiences.

The significance of this research lies in its integrative perspective that bridges theory and practice. It highlights that strategic

planning is not a managerial luxury but a decisive factor for the survival and stability of states and institutions. Furthermore, it provides practical recommendations that decision-makers and organisations can rely upon in preparing for future challenges. Thus, the research makes an academic contribution that enriches Arabic literature and raises awareness about the crucial importance of preparedness and proactive strategies in effective crisis management.